清代贵州团练与地方政治

在清代全国团练兴起的大背景下，结合贵州具体史事，分析了贵州团练兴起的原因，介绍了贵州团练的名称，规模及其经费来源，并通过地方基层制度保甲制和基层社会重要构成部分宗族与士绅在基层社会中的地位与影响，着重分析在社会大动乱时期保甲制的困境造成团练兴起的必要性及宗族与士绅组织团练的原因。通过团练与官府的关系分析其在维护传统政治格局和社会秩序的同时侵害官府利益和权威、剥蚀离心中央政权的二重性，从而揭示清代贵州团练与地方政治关系的演变。

Tuna'lien and local politics in the Qing Dynasty of Guizhou

Tuna'lien has played an impotant and complicated role in the history of Guizhou . In this paper, combined with specific historical events in Guizhou under the background of the rise of Qing Dynasty,analyzes the status and influence of the Bao-Jia system-a local grass-roots system,the Clan and the Gentry-an important component of local society.At the second,individually analyzes the necessity of the Tuna’lien rise which caused by the dilemma of Bao-Jia system,the reasons that the Clan and the Gentry organize Tuna’lien.In addition,analyzes the duality of Tuna’lien which maintenances the traditional political structure and social order,at she some time infringes the government interests and authority,eroses and decentrlises the central regime through the analysis of Tuna’lien and government,in order to reveal the evolution of Tuna’lien and local politics in the history of Guizhou,and investigate the position of the common people during the period of society upheaval.