遗产资源价值评估的社会文化视角

自然遗产资源包含生态、经济和社会文化价值。文化遗产资源具有多功能、多属性和多价值特征。目前人们对遗产资源的生态、经济价值研究较多,而对其社会文化价值关注较少。遗产资源价值评估的社会文化视角,旨在将目前广泛流行的定量化评价体系引向一个由公众争论、博弈,定量、定性评价相组合的研究领域,这将会丰富我们对遗产资源重要性的理解。本文从社会文化角度,分析遗产资源的价值构成及其评估问题,并对遗产资源的功能和使命进行了分析。

VALUE-ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE RESOURCE:A SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

The world heritage resource has outstanding and universal value,which is precious for people.The value of natural heritage resource consists of ecological,economic and socio-cultural dimension.The functions of natural heritage resource are divided into the following four categories,1)regulation functions;2)production functions;3)habitat functions;4)information functions.Cultural heritage resource takes on the characters of multi-value,multi-dimensional and multi-attribute,which is the socio-cultural value.The socio-cultural value of heritage resource is mainly manifested on the form of information functions.Purpose analysis of heritage attraction includes conservation,accessibility,education,relevance,recreation,financial,local community and quality.The socio-cultural values of heritage resource are divided into direct-use value and non-use value.The non-use value of heritage resource can't be traded on the market,which consists of existence value,choice value and bequest value.The fact that people make use of the socio-cultural value of heritage resource is a kind of 'cultural consumption',which is the direct-use value of heritage resource.The socio-cultural value of heritage resource takes on economic and cultural property,which means that valued heritage resource should include economic and cultural value,which are direct-use value and non-use value of heritage resource.The main means of heritage resource's non-use value are CVM(Contingent Valuation Method) and TCM(Travel Cost Method).In fact,heritage resource contains something that can't be valued,which is the socio-cultural value.The research method that valued heritage resource through a socio-cultural perspective means to transfer the value-system from quantitative criterion to an integrated value-system,which consists of public controversy,balance,qualitative and quantitative means.The integrated value-system isn't used to marketing.Currently,people pay much more attention to the ecological and economic value of heritage resource than its socio-cultural value,and its socio-cultural value is almost neglected.This paper analyses the value types and the value-assessment problems of heritage resource from a socio-cultural perspective,and comments on the functions and mission of heritage attraction,and wants to attract much more attention to this domain.