清季民初杨朱思想的活化

杨朱思想,是先秦道家思想的重要代表,其核心观点是"存我为贵,侵物为贱"、"损一毫,利天下,不与也。悉天下,奉一身,不取也"、"人人不损一毫,人人不利天下"、"全性保真,不以物累形"。杨朱之学在战国时代风靡一时,此后堙没,长期以来被指责为"自私自利"、"纵欲放荡"、"廉耻不立"、"无君无父"。清季民初,杨朱思想再度活化,风行一时,这是中西学会通的产物,是西方现代性挑战的一种本土回应,是近代中国先进之士民权、权利、自由主义、个人主义追求的本土文化表达,由此,两个"大变局"时代的思想得到共鸣。

Reinterpretation of Yang Zhu Thought in the Late Qing Dynasty to Early Republic of China

Yang Zhu thought is an important representative of Taoist school,its core idea is to respect for the individual, respect for life.Yang Zhu studies in the Warring States period became fashionable for a time,then disappeared.It has been ac-cused of “egoistic”,“licentiousness”,“loss of sense of honour”,“without father and emperor”for long time.Yang Zhu thought revived by scholars attention in the late Qing Dynasty to early Republic of China,this was a product of China and western aca-demic communication,and a local response of western modernity challenges.Thus,its thought struck a sympathetic chord a-mong the two“big change”times.