清代前期安徽天主教史三题

文章概述了清代前期西洋传教士在安徽布道与天主教堂在安徽的分布、安徽教徒到外省传教和信教活动,以期有助于安徽天主教史的研究。西方传教士成际理、梁弘仁、魏方济、奥地利南怀仁等人在徽州府婺源县、池州府、淮南府、太平府芜湖县、滁州直隶州、泗州五河县等六个府州县建立教堂多所,吸收信众;与西洋传教士配合,徽州信徒姚若翰到江苏海门、池州石埭教徒沈方济各赴湖北谷城传教;有十多名安徽教徒在江苏、北京等地过宗教生活,其中有汪钦一、鲍天衢、汪伊纳小等六名徽州人,参与西方传教士传教活动。作者认为,与各省比较,安徽属于天主教活动相对沉寂的省份;徽州人在外省颇有皈依天主教的,而徽州本地人似乎不感兴趣,是否与这里宗族势力强大、理学观念深入人心有关,需要深入研讨。

Three Topics on History of Catholicism in Anhui Early Qing Dynasty

With a view to enriching the research into the history of catholicism in Anhui,this paper provides a summary and an analysis of western missionaries’preaching,distributions of catholic churches in Anhui province,and the preach and re-ligious activities of catholics from Anhui.Western missionaries such as Feliciano Pacheco,Loeng -Hongin,Francois Noel and Laimbeckhoven GottfiedXaver established several catholic churches and recruited many believers in Wuyuan county under Huizhou prefecture,Chizhou prefecture,Huainan prefecture,Wuhu county under Taiping prefecture,Chuzhou state directly con-trolled under province and Wuhe county in Sizhou.Cooperating with western missionaries,Yao Ruo -han,a catholic believer from Huizhou and Shen Fang -Ji -ge,a catholic from Shidai under Chizhou prefecture went to Haimen of Jiangsu and Gucheng of Hubei respectively to preach there.More than ten catholics from Anhui practiced religious activities and participated in west-ern missionaries’preaching in Jiangsu and Beijing,among whom were six Huizhou natives including Wang Qin -yi,Bao Tian-qu and Wang Yi -na -xiao.The paper argues that compared with other provinces,Anhui in early Qing dynasty saw fewer catholic activities in that the locals in Huizhou proper took little interest in catholicism while outside Anhui,there were Huizhou natives converted to catholicism,and the paper put forward the question as to whether this phenomenon had something to do with the clan forces across Huizhou and well -established neo -confucianism in the locals’minds.