北京地名的伪俗词源举隅

地名语词的起源及其演变过程即地名的词源,大致可以区分为三种情形:符合历史事实的真词源,可能于史无征但大众约定俗成的颇具民间文学或民俗学价值的俗词源,以及以学术论著面目出现却既不符合史实也有别于俗词源的伪词源。在北京古今地名中,牛栏庄到六郎庄的渐变,广宁门与彰义门及广安门的关系,四川营与棉花胡同的命名缘由,正是对以上三种词源基本特征予以体现的典型例证。

Study on the False and Folk Etymology in Toponymy of Beijing

The toponymic etymology,the origin and change of toponymic words,can be distinguished to three types.The true-etymology is tally with historic facts,the folk-etymology maybe lack historic basis but have accepted through common practice,therefore it's of great value to folk literature or folklore,and the false-etymology neither tally with historic facts nor equate with the folk-etymology,but it's often disguises itself as a scientific treatise.Throughout the toponymy of Beijing in modern or ancient times,we can find some typical illustrations that embody the character of aforementioned three types of etymology,such as the gradual changes from Niulanzhuang(牛栏庄) to Liulangzhuang(六郎庄),the relations between Guangningmen(广宁门),Zhangyimen(彰义门) and Guanganmen(广安门),the naming reasons of Sichuanying(四川营) and Mianhuahutong(棉花胡同).