上海市主城区公共服务设施网点分布的空间异质性

城市内部格局与过程空间异质性的复杂性规律成为当前人文地理研究的难点和热点。以上海市主城区为例，从结构与功能视角刻画公共服务设施的空间异质性并发现有趣现象：上海市公共服务网点呈典型“核心-边缘”圈层特点；由于占地面积、租金、服务性质等因素五大设施形成类似金融类网点的强邻近性群集聚与类似科教类网点的弱向心集聚（逆增长点）两种模式；弱向心集聚呈现空间差异扩大、空间集聚增强的新特征，与多中心空间结构会促进设施均衡化布局的构想相反；主城区边缘地带交通发展未受重视导致其运输功能空间差异增强。

SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY OF PUBLIC SERVICE FACILITIES IN CENTRAL SHANGHAI

The complex feature of spatial inequality has become a hot research issue in urban geography. With the accelerating urbanization, the analysis of intra-urban structure and the procedure of spatial heterogeneity is difficult to carry out owing to the complexit. In addation, more attention was focused on structural heterogeneity of urban public facilities than functional difference yet. To fill this gap, based on API data of five public facilities, the spatial inequality and centralization of public service facilities were showcased. This paper studies the special features in terms of structure and function of Central Shanghai. It is interesting that unique phenomenon of spatial inequality and polarization in Central Shanghai is occured in some way:First of all, the structure that is typical core-peripheral trait is evidently observed in the whole public service facilities. In detail, they are mainly concentrated in the urbanized areas, showing a high-level aggregation. Indeed it is consistent with our perception as well. Secondly, though different public service facilities are of different spatial structural characteristics. That is to say, significant differences are found in the layout of public facilities of Shanghai in view of functional characteristic. Obviously, two typical clustering models of public facilities are found due to space, rent, nature of service, and so on. Thirdly, it is surprising that, in recent years, the multi-center structure of education and medical service facilities has been steadily increasing. What's more, it has presented new features of increased spatial disparity, and it enhanced spatial agglomeration. Last but not least, we need to point out that townships in Shanghai's main downtown area are developing slowly in the process of urbanization.