邻里环境感知对中国城市居民自评健康影响研究——以武汉市为例

邻里作为城市居民的重要日常生活场所,对健康的影响引起广泛关注。本文选取武汉市南湖街道这一典型住区,运用多元回归分析,针对商品房和保障房邻里展开对比研究,解析不同类型邻里中居民的邻里环境感知对自评健康的影响差异。研究发现,控制个人因素后,体育休闲设施感知、归属感和安全感显示出对自评健康独立且显著的影响。而在对比研究中,商品房邻里的居民自评健康受邻里环境感知的影响较显著,而保障房邻里的居民自评健康受个体层面特征的影响较显著。因此,宜针对不同类型邻里制定差异化的社区健康提升策略。

INFLUENCE OF NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENTAL PERCEPTION ON SELF-RATED HEALTH OF RESIDENTS IN CITIES OF CHINA: A CASE STUDY OF WUHAN

With increasing awareness that environmental factors can impact health, the investigation of the environment as an important determinant of health is an emerging area of interest. Empirical evidence shows that differentiated and hierarchical neighbourhood environment is an important cause of health inequality and social stratification. Based on an in-depth investigation in Nanhu Street of Wuhan, this study examined the interaction mechanism between neighborhood environmental perception and residents' self-rated health. By using multiple regression analysis, this study further disclosed the differences between commercial and affordable housing neighborhoods in terms of the impacts of neighborhood environmental perceptions on self-rated health. Particularly, based on the in-depth fieldwork, we argued that residence community(Xiaoqu) was a more appropriate scale in China to define the neighborhood boundary instead of using the traditional "community" scale in the administrative definition. The results showed that: 1) After controlling individual factors, the neighborhood environmental perception showed independent and significant impact on the selfrated health. 2) Perception of social neighborhood environment had greater influence on the self-rated health than the perception of physical neighborhood environment. 3) Perception of sports and leisure facilities, sense of belonging and safety were significantly related to residents' self-rated health. 4) There were differences by comparing two different neighborhood types. Key words: neighborhood environmental perception