基于弱势群体需求的北京服务设施可达性集成研究

关注人群属性和需求，探讨服务设施供给的社会公平是新时代服务设施研究的重要议题，对于人口总量巨大、社会构成多元、社会空间分异凸显的大城市尤其如此。尽管研究某一弱势群体对单项服务设施需求的文献不断涌现，但是结合居民主观的服务设施需求偏好的可达性集成研究尚不多见。本文以北京作为案例城市，首先采用居民主观调查数据分析四类弱势群体对于公共服务设施的需求结构，然后基于POI数据，借助GIS分析这四类弱势群体服务设施需求偏好下的北京市公共服务设施综合可达性情况，且对综合可达性较差的区域进行了空间识别。本研究综合定性与定量方法，探讨主观与客观数据相匹配的可达性集成方法，可以为今后的相关研究提供借鉴，并能够对北京建设国际一流和谐宜居之都提供理论支撑。

RESEARCH ON THE INTEGRATION OF BEIJING SERVICE FACILITIES ACCESSIBILITY BASED ON THE NEEDS OF DISADVANTAGED GROUPS

Focusing on the attributes and needs of the population and exploring the social equity in the supply of service facilities are important topics in the study of service facilities in the new era. This is especially so for large cities with huge population, diverse social structures, and highly differentiated social spaces.Although studies on the demand of a single service facility by a certain vulnerable group are emerging constantly, the research on accessibility integration combined with residents' subjective demand for service facilities is still rare.This article takes Beijing as a case city. First using subjective survey data to analyze the demand structure of four kinds of vulnerable groups for public service facilities. Then, based on the POI data, this paper analyzes the comprehensive accessibility of public service facilities in Beijing under the preference of service facilities of the four disadvantaged groups based on GIS, and identifies the areas with poor comprehensive accessibility. This study comprehensive qualitative and quantitative methods,exploring reachability integration methods that match subjective and objective data.It can provide reference for future related research and provide theoretical support for Beijing to build a world-class harmonious and livable city. Key words: service facility accessibility