基于中国电影产业价值链分工联系的城市网络研究

选取2003-2015年占据当年票房75%以上的中国电影为样本,基于中国电影产业价值链分工联系数据构建了城市网络。在此基础上,运用社会网络分析法对城市网络的结构特征展开了分析,并进一步剖析了其形成的原因。研究发现：①城市网络的密度为0.25,城市间的联系较为稀疏。②城市网络呈现出“一主两副”的“中心-外围”结构,北京是主核心,香港和上海均为副核心,其它81个城市处于外围。③城市网络中的强联系围绕北京展开。具体来看,香港、上海与北京的联系最为多元和紧密,首尔、台北、曼谷与北京的联系多为价值链的纵向配套,广州、天津、金华与北京之间的联系多为价值链的横向合作。④中国电影产业的三重属性、尤其是政治属性深刻地影响了其城市网络的结构特征。

STUDY ON THE CITY NETWORK BASED ON VALUE CHAIN DIVISION OF CHINESE FILM INDUSTRY

Distinguished from the western developed countries, China has its own institutional and cultural surroundings of the film industry as well as a long history. We constructed city network based on the data of Chinese film industrial value chain divisions and connections by choosing Chinese films whose box offices accounted for more than 75% annually from 2003 to 2015 as samples. On this basis, we further analyzed structural characteristics of city network and the reasons for the formation with social network analysis. It was indicated that: firstly, the city network included 84 nodes of cities (59 domestic cities as well as 25 overseas cities) and 883 lines among cities (repeated connections not included) and the density of the city network was only 0.25, which demonstrated that connections between cities were relatively sparse. Secondly, the city network took on a "core-periphery" structure with "one center and two sub centers". Beijing was the main core, Hong Kong and Shanghai were the sub cores, and other 81 cities such as Taipei, Seoul and Shenzhen were on the periphery. Thirdly, connections within the city network were mainly vertical concerning various links of the value chain and horizontal connections in minority. To be more specific, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Shenzhen had vertical and horizontal connections in value chain with Beijing. Seoul, Taipei and Bangkok connected with Beijing mostly based on vertical cooperation of the value chain while Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Jinhua related with Beijing on mostly horizontal cooperation of the value chain. Fourthly, the triple attributes of culture, commerce and politics of the Chinese film industry deeply affected its structural characteristics of city network. In conclusion, our study broadened the source of city network data and polished the study of city network based on the headquarter-subsidiary relations. Key words: city network