基于手机数据的北京城市女性职住关系研究

自20世纪70年代以来,女性地理学的研究成为城市地理学关注的热点。本文基于2015年12月1日工作日涵盖所有交通出行方式的手机数据,采用核密度分析、回转半径、网络分析等方法,分别从市域、中心城区、就业集聚区三个空间尺度分析北京城市女性职住关系特征。研究发现：尺度影响女性职住关系特征,大尺度空间范围内的女性职住关系特征不显著;与工作在中心城区的女性相比,郊区女性的职住地联系较紧密;公共服务设施较为完善且以服务业为主导的工作地对女性就业者的吸引力更大。从工作地的角度探究女性职住关系特征,丰富了城市社会地理学和女性主义地理学的研究视角,其研究结果为人性化城市空间建构和设施配置提供理论依据。

A STUDY ON THE FEMALE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYMENT AND RESIDENCE IN BEIJING BASED ON CELL PHONE DATA

With the rapid development of economy and society, women take a key role both in households and works. Meanwhile, the female relationship between employment and residence has increasingly become one of the main research areas of urban social geography in terms of their special duties in taking care of family. This paper focuses on the female studies, using kernel density method, radius of gyration and network analysis to analyze the characteristics of female relationship between employment and residence of Beijing. The data is based on the cell phone data of December 1, 2015 which is the work day, for the data covers all travel modes of residents according to three spatial scales:municipality, central city and employment clusters. Conclusions can be drawn as follows:1) On the scales of municipality and central city, the relatively large scale of research masks the characteristics of female employment-residential relationship. 2) Women working in suburban areas, whose residences are gathered near the work place, have a close relationship between employment and residence, forming a "female community". 3) The attractiveness of the employment clusters to female employees is closely related to the nature of the work in the area. In addition, it will be affected by the built environment. 4) In CBD, Sanyuanqiao-Yansha and Yizhuang areas, female employees have longer commuting distance and greater pressure of separation between workplace and residence.