中国公共图书馆时空格局演变及影响因素研究

以1994-2013年中国县域公共图书馆数据为研究基础，运用数理统计和GIS空间分析方法揭示了中国公共图书馆的时空格局及其演变规律，采用多元回归分析和地理探测器分析其时空分异的影响因素及强度差异，并探究其影响机制。结果表明：①中国公共图书馆的整体发展水平持续提升，不同等级公共图书馆的数量结构特征展现出由“金字塔型”向“哑铃型”演变的态势；②中国公共图书馆在空间上的等级扩散效应较为显著，其集聚水平逐步下降，趋向空间均衡分布方向发展；③中国公共图书馆密度分布总体上呈现出逐年提高的趋势，但区域间公共图书馆发展水平的差距在进一步扩大，表现出“东高西低、南高北低”的空间分布格局；④中国公共图书馆时空分布格局是经济、社会、文化、政策等诸多因素共同作用的结果，不同时期和不同地区公共图书馆时空分异的主导因素及其作用强度存在差异。

RESEARCH ON INFLUENCE FACTORS AND TEMPORAL-SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC LIBRARY IN CHINA

Public library have a key role in public culture service, preserving culture heritages conducting social education, spreading public knowledge and information, and developing intellectual resources. This paper is based on the perspective of geography space-time research, using the data of Chinese county public libraries from 1994 to 2013, using statistics and GIS spatial analysis to gain an insight of the temporal and spatial pattern of Chinese public libraries and to know how they developed. We use multiple regression as analysis method and Geo-detectors as analysis tool to find out what factors have strong impact on the distribution of libraries and intensity differences of the spatial-temporal differentiation of public libraries, then exploring the impact mechanisms. The result shows that:First, the overall level of development of China's public libraries continues to increase. Second, the spatial diffusion effect of China's public libraries is more significant, and their level of aggregation gradually declines and tends to develop in a spatially balanced distribution. Third, the distribution of the density of public libraries in China generally shows an upward trend year by year, but the gap in the development level of public libraries between regions is further widening; In conclusion, The spatial and temporal distribution pattern of public libraries in China is influenced by many factors such as economy, society, culture, and policies.