四～五世纪气候暖干事件对塔里木盆地人类文明兴衰的影响

考古发掘资料和零星的史载资料表明 ,在约 4～ 5世纪时期塔里木盆地人类文明发生第一次大规模变迁 ,很多古城在此时期衰落与消亡。同时塔里木盆地及其相邻地区的古气候环境演变研究成果表明 ,在 1.9ka BP～ 1.5 ka BP(公元 2世纪～ 6世纪 )期间 ,气候为一相对的暖干期 ,而在 4～ 5世纪时 ,其暖干的气候达到了峰值。塔里木盆地人类文明的第一次大规模变迁与古气候的暖干化在时间上的一致性说明两者之间有着必然的内在联系。气候环境的暖干化可能是导致塔里木盆地人类文明在 4～ 5世纪发生第一次大规模变迁的根本原因 ,气候环境的暖干化导致水量的明显减少、人类生存环境发生恶化、生存资源减少、生存空间缩小等一系列变化 ,最终导致古城的衰亡 ,影响到人类文明的变迁

Research on the Influence of the Warm-Dry Event on the Vicissitude of Human Being's Civilization in Tarim Basin During the 4th and the 5th

Based on the archaeological documents and the records in historical datas, the human being's civilization in Tarim Basin has suffered a large-scale vicissitude for the first time, and a large number of ancient cities declined and died out during about 4A.D.~5A.D.. According to the studying results on the evolution of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment in Tarim Basin and the near region, the author found that the climate and environment had the tendency of warm-dry at about 1.9kaBP ~ 1.5kaBP(2A.D. ~ 6A.D.). Moreover, the degree of warm-dry reached the peak and the conditions of the climate and environment relatively worsened at about 4A.D. ~ 5 A.D.. The coherence of time between the vicissitude of human being's civilization in Tarim Basin and the tendency of warm-dry of the climate and environment illuminated that there must be a inherent relation. The studying result made out that the aridity of the climate and environment was the essential cause of the vicissitude of human being's civilization in Tarim basin. The tendency of warm-dry resulted in an obvious decrease on the quantity of water, deterioration of the living environment, reduction of the living resources and space and so on. Finally, the climatic changes induced the abandon of the ancient cities, and affected the vicissitude of human being's civilization in Tarim Basin.