广西花山岩画颜料脱落和褪色原因分析

花山岩画是研究我国百越民族古代社会历史最重要、最直接的资料,岩画颜料脱落和褪色是岩画的主要病害。任何文物发生病害既与其制作材料和工艺有关,也与其保存环境因素相关。本工作在花山岩画制作材料和工艺分析研究以及区域环境特点分析的基础上,分析并讨论了岩画颜料脱落及褪色发生的原因。结果表明,岩画颜料层病害主要是受物理风化(温差变化、高湿度与光辐射)、化学风化-溶蚀作用和胶结材料老化引起;颜料褪色是由于岩画颜料表面覆盖泥质薄膜和颜料胶结材料老化导致颜料颗粒脱落致使颜料色彩饱和度降低,岩画颜色变淡变暗。

Analysis of the flaking and fading of pigments in the Huashan rockpainting

The Huashan rock painting provides the most important and direct information for studying the ancient social history and culture of Baiyue people in China.Flaking and fading of pigment are the main deterioration problems in rock paintings.All deterioration can be related to materials and craftsmanship,and to environmental factors,too.The effects of materials, craftsmanship and regional environmental characteristics on pigment flaking and fading on the Huanshan rock painting are discussed.This study shows that rock painting pigment deterioration was caused mainly by physical weathering (temperature changes,high humidity and light radiation),chemical weathering and dissolution,and aging of binding materials.Fading of pigments was caused by a thin dust layer on the top,and loss of pigments is caused by aging of the binding materials.Therefore,the paint becomes less saturated and looks faded and darker.