论美国城市政治集团的兴衰

政治集团是19世纪中后期至20世纪前期活跃于一些美国大城市的腐败政治组织。19世纪美国城市的快速发展和外国移民的大批涌入为职业政客提供了进行权利交易的大量机会和条件，导致了政治集团在很多大城市兴起。随着城市政治改革运动的兴起与发展，加之美国社会的进步，政治集团逐渐失去了活动空间，走向衰落。

The Rise and Fall of Political Machines in Urban America

Political machines are corruptive political organizations in the late 19th century and the early 20th century in many large cities in the United States. The rapid urbanization and the arrival of immigrants in waves provide many opportunities of exchanging influences for benefits,thus lead to the rise of political machines in urban America. Accompanying the rise and development of urban reform politics and the progress of American society,polltical machines gradually lost living space and declined.