商代江南铜矿开采技术

采用矿山考古、模拟实验等方法,对中国商代采矿技术进行论证后得出如下论点:商代,探矿采用了重砂法和工程法。地下开拓采用竖井、斜井、平巷等多种井巷联合进行。采掘工具已使用铜质专门器。采用多种型、式不同的“预制”木构件,用于各地矿山井下,形成了规范的井巷支护技术。矿山提升采用滑车等简单机械。矿井采用自然通风。井下有了排水槽、水仓等排水设施。井下采用火把式照明。

Copper mining techniques in Shang Dynasty

Arguments are inferred as below about the mining techniques used in southern China copper mines during Shang Dynasty based on the results by using mine archaeological methods and simulation techniques.In Shang Dynasty,the heavy sand method was adopted with primitive engineering methods in the mine exploration.Specialized coppermade digging tools had already been employed then.Mine pits as upanddown or slopping wells were set up in combination with drift lanes for underground tunneling,wherein "prefabricated" wooden construction members in various types or shapes were used as support and protection means for the pit wells and lanes of the mines,forming a sort of technical norms.Simple machines like pulleys etc.were used for lifting up heavy things from the pit wells.Natural airiness was kept in the pit wells of those mines.There were some water catchments under the pit well slots for the drainage work in the mines.Types of torches were adopted then for lighting the pit wells down.