《史记》人物容貌品评与人物形象类型化刍议

《史记》申司马迁重视人物容貌品评，为文学人物形象塑造提供两条类型途径：恶人有恶貌；好人有美貌。由于存在较多特例，司马迁又修正自己的容貌观念，超越外在形貌束缚，重视人物的道德品质、历史功绩、社会影响等让人生价值得以延续的本质内涵，从而开辟了塑造文学形象类型的第三条途径：矮小丑陋的形象却因高尚的道德品质、巨大的历史功绩或深刻社会影响而更令人尊敬。

Human appearances comments in shiji and literary image types

SiMaqian pay much attention to the appearances of historical characters in Shiji.He abided by the two rules:good-hearted,good-appearances,bad-hearted,ugly-appearances.He also amended his theory and portrayed some historical characters whose appearances were bad but they were respected by people because of their moral qualities,historical merits,and social status.So he provided for three ways to describe literary images.