试论西海固贫困民族地区的城市化及反贫困

西海固地区是我国西部贫困民族地区,文章认为该区城市化有着与我国东部不同的特点,主要表现为:城市总体水平低,城镇体系不健全,现有城镇职能简单,城镇对区域经济发展和脱贫贡献不大,城镇发展层次低,缺乏长远规划和活力。文章通过国内外发达国家和地区城市化发展实践、西海固地区农业吊庄模式和工业(城镇)吊庄模式的分析以及加快城市化对吸纳农村剩余劳动力,调整产业结构的理论分析后认为加快城市化进程是西海固地区摆脱贫困的必由之路。文章认为加快西海固地区城市化过程应采取如下对策:①积极开展西海固城镇体系规划,充分发挥其指导作用,②要充分利用靠近铁路、河流的有利条件,以现有县镇为依托分层次搞好城市建设,③城市建设要引入新的机制,④进行产业结构调整,⑤培育和搞活市场,充分调动回族经商的积极性,⑥建设宝中铁路工作走廊,推动城市化过程,⑦加快发展乡镇企业,私营和个体企业,⑧注重城市可持续发展,加大科技教育投入。

A STUDY ON URBANIZATION AND ANTI-POVERTY OF XIJI-HAIYUAN-GUYUAN REGION OF POVERTY-MINORITY NATIONALITY

Urbanization of Xiji-Haiyuan-Guyuan region of poverty-minority nationality and anti poverty are mainly analyzed. There are many different characters between Xiji-Haiyuan-Guyuan region and the East of China,for example,level of whole city lowly,no sound style in cities and town,cities'fuction single,cities and towns no much contribute to regional economy and so on. Through the sustainable evidence the paper considers that quicken the process of urbanization is the only way for Xiji-Haiyuan-Guyuan to break away from poverty. There are many meatures adopted:①Developing the style of city-planning of Xiji-Haiyuan-Guyuan region positively,and playing function to economy. ②Making full use of good conditions near railway and rivers,relying on present towns,cities'construction be made well. ③Leading into new style from out. ④Regulating industrial structure. ⑤Cultivating and doing well market,bring Huzu's managment positive into well. ⑥Constructing industrial belt of Bao Zhong Railway and pushing the process of urbanazation. ⑦Accelerating the development of town and township enterprises,personal and private enterprises. ⑧Being attention to the cities sustainable development and puting much money in education,science and technolgy.