20世纪30年代城市居民的疾病与死亡——以南京、北平、广州为中心

本文根据国民政府主计处统计局编印的《统计期讯—卫生》,围绕着死亡疾病类型和死亡者的身份属性、职业背景以及生理年龄,考察20世纪30年代的南京、北平和广州城市居民的疾病与死亡问题。文章认为从死亡疾病分析,20世纪30年代南京、北平和广州居民的死亡疾病涉及到传染性疾病、消化系统、呼吸系统、心脏系统以及神经系统等诸种疾病,其中一些非传染性疾病或者非法定传染性疾病的威胁较大。从死亡年龄与职业分析,南京、广州和北平三地居民死亡年龄分布情况虽然存在地域性差异,但是死亡年龄主要集中在0—1岁、1—4岁、40—60岁和60岁以上的年龄段,不同年龄段所染患疾病也表现出一定年龄特征;职业差异对城市居民健康的影响也不容忽视。文章认为,这些事实逻辑实际上是提醒我们要谨慎对待目前这一领域的某些认识规范。

Disease and Death of the Residents in Cities in 1930s---Centered on the City of Nanjing,Beiping, Guangzhou

This paper is mainly based on Tongji qixun-Weishegn published by the National Government Office Bureau of statistics,studies disease and death problems of city residents in Nanjing, Beiping and Guangzhou in 1930s. The article thinks residents death relates to infectious diseases, digestive system, respiratory system, heart and nervous system and so on in Nan-jing, Beiping and Guangzhou in 1930s. The effects of some non infectious diseasesor and infectious diseases of illegal is larger . From the perspective of death age and occupation, although there are regional differences in mortality among residents of Nanjing, Guangzhou and Beiping,but the age of death, mainly concentrated in 0-1 years old, 1-4 years old, 40-60 years old and over 60 years of age. Influence of occupation differences on city residents’ health can not be ignored.