A review of observational,theoretical and numerical studies of VLF triggered emissions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Radio Atmospheric Science Center, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611, Japan;2. Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO9 5NH, UK;3. College of Aeronautics, Cranfield Institute of Technology, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, U.K.;1. Fachbereich Mathematik, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;2. Institut Denis Poisson, CNRS, Université de Tours, Université d''Orléans, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China;2. Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK;3. MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA 01886, USA;4. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100087, China;5. Space Sciences Division, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK;6. Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Blindern 0316, Oslo, Norway;7. SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;1. Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria;2. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria |
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| Abstract: | We review theoretical and numerical studies of VLF triggered emissions generated by manmade signals propagating in the whistler mode in the magnetosphere. Instead of listing all the past studies on the subject we select some of those works which give important ideas and the theoretical basis for future studies. The main purpose of the paper is to clarify what problems remain unresolved and to make suggestions for future studies.We first describe the phenomenon of VLF triggered emissions and give a brief review of experiments and observations. We then summarize the basic physics of VLF wave-particle interactions, which is indispensable for an understanding of the triggering mechanisms. We review important ideas and theories, as well as numerical models so far employed, summarize the present understanding of the phenomenon and consider briefly those problems which need further study. Especially, we focus our attention on numerical simulations whose capabilities in nonlinear physics are increasing with the increasing power of supercomputers. |
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