博物馆中的南海知识生产与地理想象

地理想象是通过文化媒介对特定地方的地理“现实”的转录与重构，而博物馆是达成地理想象的一个代表性媒介。博物馆不只是一个展品陈列的空间载体，其中还包含着地理知识的生产。本文以南海博物馆为例，采用参与式观察、半结构式访谈、话语分析方法，探讨中国（海南）南海博物馆对“南海”的呈现。研究表明，南海博物馆对南海的地理想象不仅是话语建构，同时也是一种国家领土主权在话语层面上的实践。地名、地物、地图、地景是南海地理想象的构建基础，中国（海南）南海博物馆通过对“过去”资源的空间组织，构建了“南海”的地域想象、边界想象以及地缘想象。

GEOGRAPHICAL IMAGINATION OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA BASED ON THE MUSEUM KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION

This paper takes the South China Sea Museum as a object of study, uses the "geographical imagination" theory, adopts the methods of participatory observation, semi-structured interview, and discourse analysis, to analyze historical narrative of the museum for geographic knowledge production, and discuss the construction process of the geographic imagination. This paper aims to expand the focus on the physical space media such as museums in the study of geographical imagination from the non-western perspective. From the empirical level, it provides a new research perspective for the study and understanding of the South China Sea from the perspective of multi-scale. The results show that the geographical imagination of the South China Sea in the South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is not only a discourse construction, but also a practice of national territorial sovereignty on the discourse level. Place names, features, maps, and landscapes are the foundation of the geographical imagination of the South China Sea. The South China Sea Museum constructs the regional, boundary and geo-relationship imagination of the South China Sea through the spatial organization of the "past" resources. Place names, geographical entity, maps, and landscapes are the tools and core of the construction of geographical imagination of the museum. The South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is a place where history and science, discourse and power, reality and imagination interweave. Behind this micro-space is the negotiation and overlapping of history, culture, and geopolitics at the macro scale. Overall, geographic imagination which is built by the South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is incomplete.