社区建成环境对老年人居住满意度的影响研究——以安徽省合肥市为例

老龄化程度不断加深给区域经济社会发展带来了严峻挑战，如何保障老年人口享有积极与健康的生活质量，提升其幸福感和满意度成为当前的重要研究课题。论文基于问卷抽样调查数据，以合肥市为研究案例地，从主观与客观两个层面入手构建结构方程模型，重点厘清客观建成环境、主观建成环境对老年人居住满意度的影响。研究结果表明：(1)合肥市老年人对社区居住满意程度为比较满意，但不同个体属性的老年人居住满意度具有明显差异，户籍、性别等特征老年人的群体差异最突出，家庭结构对老年人居住满意度的影响不显著。(2)主观建成环境要素对老年人居住满意度具有显著正向影响（路径系数为0.81），社区治安情况、美观程度、交通通达性与社区娱乐设施等感知特征对居住满意度的影响程度依次递减，但客观建成环境要素总体对老年人居住满意度呈弱负相关性。(3)社区邻里交往对老年人居住满意度具有正向影响，在综合考虑主客观建成环境要素、社会交往等因素后，除性别和户籍、学历和收入外，部分个体特征的影响没有通过显著性检验。

THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNITY BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON THE RESIDENTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE ELDERLY: A CASE STUDY OF HEFEI CITY,ANHUI PROVINCE

The deepening of aging has brought serious challenges to regional economic and social development. How to ensure the positive and healthy quality of life of the elderly and improve their happiness and satisfaction has become an important research topic. Based on the questionnaire survey data, taking Hefei as the research case, this paper constructs the structural equation model from the subjective and objective aspects, focusing on clarifying the influence mechanism between the objective built environment, the subjective built environment and the living satisfaction of the elderly. The results show that: 1) The elderly in Hefei are satisfied with the community living satisfaction, but there are significant differences in the living satisfaction of the elderly with different individual attributes. 2) The subjective built environment has a significantly positive impact on the residential satisfaction of the elderly (the path coefficient is 0.81), and the impact of perceived characteristics such as community security, aesthetics, traffic accessibility and community entertainment facilities on residential satisfaction decreases in turn. However, the objective built environment has a negative correlation with the residential satisfaction of the elderly (the path coefficient is 0.03). 3) Community neighborhood interaction has a positive impact on the living satisfaction of the elderly.