社区的邻里性本质：内涵、特征及其实践意义

社区作为社会与城市发展的践行单元,如何回归本质并形成可持续的驱动力,是社区发展的关键。基于相关研究总结,邻里性强调关系的联结、情感的认同与归属、内嵌着“我向”意识等,极具内化性特征,是社区本质的重要体现。为此,本研究结合广州15个社区的案例调研,通过因子分析法(EFA、CFA)来探究邻里性的因子结构,进而剖析现代城市语境下邻里性的深层内涵与特征,分析各类型社区的邻里性特征差异及可能的影响因素,回应相关的共同体本质理论,综合探讨邻里性的实践意义。研究总体认为,邻里性内含了“家园感”、“凝聚力”、“行动力”三大主因子,蕴含了丰富的内生驱动能量;社区应回归其邻里性本质,根据各类型社区的问题、特征与资源,培育社区自身的能量与资本,推动“内生驱动”式的良性发展。

NEIGHBORING AS THE NATURE OF COMMUNITY: CONNOTATION,CHARACTERISTICS AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE

As the practice unit of social and urban development, how to return to the essence and form a sustainable driving force is the key to community development. Based on the relevant researches, neighboring emphasizes the connection of relationship, identification and belonging of emotion, and the consciousness of "forour" embedded in it, that is full with the characteristics of internalization and is an important essentialembodimentof community. Combined with the case investigation of 15 communities in Guangzhou, this study explored the factor structure of neighboring through factor analysis method(EFA, CFA), and analyzed the deep connotation and characteristics of neighboring in the modern urban, analyzed the different characteristicsof neighboring between various types of communities and the possible influencing factors, and then explored its practical significance. Inconclusion, neighboring contains three main factors, which named "sense of home", "cohesion" and "action force", and contains abundant endogenous driving energy. There are various differences on the neighboring level between and within variouscommunities.The neighboring level of commodity housing, affordable housing, and traditional communities is relatively high, while that of urban villages, danwei communities is relativelylow.The aging of property and the mixed population have a series of negative effects on its neighboring level.Communities should return to their essence of neighborhood, cultivate their own energy and capital according to the problems, characteristics and resources of different kinds of communities, and promote the well development of "endogenous drive".