基于美丽乡村建设的农户参与生态环境治理行为机制

乡村生态环境治理是美丽乡村乃至美丽中国建设的重要任务，而农户主动参与是乡村生态环境实现根本性治理的关键。本文构建了农户参与生态环境治理行为发生机制研究框架，运用结构方程模型，对农户调查数据进行实证检验，分析了农户参与生态环境治理行为的驱动因素及影响路径。结果表明：(1)农户行为遵循“认知—感知—响应”的发生路径模式，生态环境治理认知是驱动农户行为的基础性变量，生态环境治理感知是认知正向驱动农户行为的中介变量；(2)环境社会资本、环境影响敏感度、农户行为自觉等因素分别是制约生态环境治理认知、生态环境治理感知及生态环境治理响应的主要因素；(3)在美丽乡村建设及生态环境治理过程中，政府发挥了主导性作用，多主体参与的社会监督、社会组织等社会资本建设尚待加强，以农户为中心的多主体参与模式和体制机制有待健全。

FARMING HOUSEHOLDS' PARTICIPATION BEHAVIOR MECHANISM OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT GOVERNANCE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEAUTIFUL COUNTRYSIDE

The rural eco-environment governance is an important task for the construction of beautiful countryside even beautiful China. To fundamentally improve the rural eco-environment, the key is to give full play to the main role of farmers and promote their active participation. Based on the perspective of farmers' perception and behavior, this study constructed a theoretical framework for farmers' participation in eco-environmental governance, and employed structural equation modeling method to conduct an empirical test on the survey data of farming households. The results show that famers' behaviors follow the path pattern of cognition-perception-response. The cognition of eco-environment governance has a significant positive effect on the response of the eco-environment governance. The perception of eco-environment governance is an intermediary variable that the cognition of eco-environment governance positively drives the response of the eco-environment governance. Environmental social capital, environmental impact sensitivity, and farmers' behavior consciousness are the main factors restricting the eco-environment governance cognition, the eco-environment governance perception, and the eco-environment response, respectively. The government has played a leading role in the eco-environment governance. The environment social capital such as social supervision and social organization involving multi-agent participation needs to be constructed. The multiagent participation model and institutional mechanism centered on farmers need to be established.