长江经济带少数民族特色村寨的地域空间格局与影响因素

少数民族特色村寨即是彰显中国优秀传统文化的重要载体，也是推进乡村振兴战略实施的关键阵地。基于长江经济带国家级少数民族特色村寨数据，运用GIS技术及空间统计方法对三批次长江经济带少数民族特色村寨地域空间分布格局进行分析，并结合地理探测器模型探索其影响因素的空间异质性。结果表明：长江经济带少数民族特色村寨的空间格局呈现集聚分布形态，整体体现出以黔东南、滇西、湘西为核心的三足鼎立格局和“大集中、小分散”的分布特点；三批次少数民族特色村寨空间分布重心向西方向迁移，分布总体走向呈现逆时针旋转变动；少数民族特色村寨空间分布格局呈现由“多个高密度核心区”向“一核多点”结构形态再到多核驱动的“多地开花式”演化；少数民族特色村寨空间分布具有较强的空间正相关性，冷热极化现象显著；自然地理因素、经济发展水平、资源禀赋条件、人口分布状况、文化服务环境等因素对少数民族特色村寨地域空间格局影响显著，且影响程度存在空间差异。最后，提出长江经济带少数民族特色村寨空间格局优化及振兴发展的建议。

SPATIAL PATTERN AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF ETHNIC MINORITY VILLAGES IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT

Based on the data of ethnic minority villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this paper analyzed the regional spatial distribution pattern of ethnic minority villages in three groups of villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by using GIS technology and spatial statistical methods, and explored the spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors based on the geodetector model. The results show that the spatial pattern of ethnic minority villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt presents a concentrated distribution pattern, reflecting the overall three-party pattern with southeast Guizhou, west Yunnan and west Hunan as the core and the distribution characteristics of "large concentration and small dispersion". The spatial distribution center of the three groups of ethnic minority characteristic villages moved westward, and the overall distribution trend rotated counterclockwise. The spatial distribution pattern of ethnic minority characteristic villages has evolved from "multiple high- density core areas" to "one core and multiple points" and then to "blossoming everywhere" driven by multiple cores. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to optimize and revitalize the spatial pattern of ethnic minority villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.