试析上海市人口老龄化与社会养老设施的发展

人口老龄化对社会和经济发展都有着深刻的影响。上海市人口老龄化近年来发展非常迅速,而且具有强度大,向心增值性等特点。由于家庭小型化和中青年的生活压力增大,在充分重视家庭养老的基础上,社会养老设施仍有相当大的发展空间。从目前的情况来看,上海市社会养老设施的发展严重滞后于其老龄化及新的社会形式的发展,存在较大的供需缺口,并存在着地区结构性不平衡。但也出现了一些令人鼓舞的现象,如社会各方力量更多的参与,托老所的兴起和发展等。本文在对上海市社会养老设施发展现状进行分析之后,提出了应当多渠道,多形式地发展养老设施,在地区布局上应当因地制宜,并应当加强老人福利人员的培训。

THE AGING PROCESS AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSES FOR THE ELDERLY IN SHANGHAI CITY

The aging of population has become a serious economic and social problem all over the world in the 20th century, China is of no exception.Shanghai is the first city that stepped into the aging society, and its aging level is far higher than other cities of China.The author tries to study Shanghai's aging process and the development of the houses for the elderly, in order to provide a reference for other regions of China.Firstly, the aging process in Shanghai has two characteristics.One is that the aging level grows very fast.The other is that the aging level descends from the core to the periphery of the city.Considering this, the existing situation of the houses for the elderly can't meet the development of aging.And the houses are not rationally distributed. In the end of the paper, some suggestions are made for improvement.