古代希腊城邦自治观念与霸权兴衰——试析公元前386至公元前371年斯巴达与雅典的称霸

古代希腊的城邦自治（autonomia）观念始于公元前5世纪，及至《大王和约》发展为希腊城邦处理相互间关系的准则。就公元前4世纪霸权的兴衰、更迭和发展进程而言，城邦自治原则的最终确立影响极大。该原则虽为强邦所滥用，在一定程度上沦为实现霸权的工具，但也阻止了联盟作为一种霸权向帝国的发展。城邦自治观念与霸权所呈现出的这种相反相成的复杂关系，是梳理希腊城邦邦际政治史的一条重要线索。

Autonomy of Greek Polis and Hegemony:A Case of Spartan and Athenian Hegemony, 386-371B.C.

Autonomia appeared in fifth century B.C.,and became the basic principle dealing with the relationship among Greek poleis formally in the King's Peace.The principle of autonomy influenced the rise and fall of hegemony in fourth century B.C.,which became an instrument of some hegemonic poleis to establish and maintain hegemony to some extent,but it also prevented hegemonical alliances from evolving into an empire.The complicated relationship between this principle and hegemony is an important clue to analyze interpoleis political history.