广西花山岩画颜料及其褪色病害的防治对策

在自然环境因素的长期作用下,花山岩画颜料褪色脱落。为了治理岩画颜料褪色病害,应用偏光显微镜分析、电子探针面分析、X射线衍射分析、红外吸收光谱分析,系统研究了花山岩画的颜料及其粘合剂成分。结果表明,铁红是花山岩画红色颜料中的基本显色成分,但红色颜料中存在朱砂。颜料粘合剂属植物性的,岩画作成后其中的植物性粘合剂在老化分解过程中分泌出有机酸,其中的草酸与立壁岩石中的钙质发生反应,形成一层水草酸钙。依据现状调查与采访结果,提出了岩画颜料褪色病害及其防治对策。

Pigment and the prevention of its fading on Petroglyphs of the Flower mountain

In order to prevent the decay and flaking of Huashan(the Flower mountain) rock paintings under the poor environmental condition and preserve the paintings,the pigment and its adhesive on the painting are studied by means of polarization microscope,electron probe surfaceanalysis,Xray diffraction,infrared absorption spectrum and so on.The result shows that the main composition of red pigment is Fe_2O_3 and other composition is vermilion.The vegetal adhesive produced organic acid during degradation processes.Oxalic acid produced in this way reacts with the rock and results in a layer of hydrated calcium oxalate.Based on the result of investigation the intervention was put forward.