旅游从业者对旅游环境认知水平的典范对应分析

研究旅游从业者对旅游环境的认知水平与其自身属性特征的关系，有益于景区旅游活动的管理。本文在利用双向指示种分析方法（Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis，TWINSPAN）对旅游从业者进行划分的基础上。利用典范对应分析（Canonical CoHespondence Analysis，CCA）研究了旅游从业者对旅游环境的认知水平。结果表明：TWINSPAN将所有样本分为积极开发型、次积极开发型、偶尔保护型、积极协调型和严格保护型。CCA第一轴主要反映工作属性、收入来源结构和文化程度的变化，第二轴主要反映文化程度和性别的变化。其中，表征旅游环境认知水平的关键性指标在很大程度上决定着样本类型的分布格局。CCA排序图能更直观地反映样本类型与其属性特征之间的关系，但是具有明显的“弓形效应”。

A Canonical Correspondence Analysis on Tourism Practitioners' Cognitions of Tourism Environment

It is beneficial to the management of tourism industry to study the relations between tourism practitioners＇ cognition of tourism environment and their attributes. Based on a clarification of tourism practitioners with two-way Indicator Species Analysis （TWINSPAN）, this paper applied the Canonical Correspondence Analysis （CCA） to study their cognitions of tourism environment. The results show that：TWINSPAN divided all the samples into five sorts, namely the active development group, the sub-active development group, the occasional protection group, the active coordination group and the strict protection group; Axis 1 of CCA mainly reflected work attributes, income frameworks and education while Axis 2 highlighted education and gender only; The distributing patterns of some key indices for cognition level decided on that of the sampled types to a great extent; The ordination figure of CCA could show the relationship between sample types and attribute characteristics intuitively, however, it had an evident ＂arch effect＂.