发达国家工业化中期阶段经济增长与工业结构变化的特征

本文通过对几个发达国家的工业化过程和按收入水平分组的截面分析表明,工业化中期阶段具有增长加速、技术进步加速和重化工化使各发达国工业结构相似系数提高的特征。工业化中期经济增长的加速动力主要来自于积累的迅速提高和结构的快速转变两个方面。技术进步加速则表现为经济增长方式由外延粗放型向集约效益型的转变。和工业化初期的加速一样,工业化中期阶段的增长加速也是主要依赖于制造业的高速增长。但与之不同的是,工业化中期阶段的经济增长主要依赖于重化工业增长的带动,而不是轻工业的带动。此阶段还是工业内部结构变化剧烈的时期。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DURING THE MIDDLE STAGE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION

Judged from the sectional analysis on industrializational process and income standard of several developed countries, the paper holds that the characteristics of middle stage of industrialization are as follows:one is the acceleration of economic growth;the other is the acceleration of technological progress;still another is the increase of similar coefficient of industrial structure among developed countries. The motive power of acceleration of economic growth during middle stage of induatrialization is mainly based on both the rapid increase of accumulation and the swift upgrade of structure. The acceleration of technological progress manifested as the transformation of the way of economic growth, which changes from extensive external expansion to intensive efficient growth. The middle stage of industrialization is in pace with intense industrial structural changes.