李鸿章与关东铁路的筹议和兴筑

在李鸿章一生所致力的洋务事业中，铁路是最重要的内容之一，从1863年至1901年，他始终与中国铁路事业的发展休戚相关。1890年代，李鸿章以北洋防务为核心目标，以“俄患日亟”为由，筹议和兴筑中国第一官办铁路一关东铁路；他凭借着个人努力和与海军衙门的良好关系，初步解决了筑路经费；他坚持“权自我操”，抵制外人对路权的干涉。甲午战争尽管打断了李鸿章兴建关东铁路的步伐，但其对铁路的认知与实践，为中国早期的铁路建设提供了借鉴。

Li Hongzhang and the construction of GuangDong railway

From 1863 to 1901, Li Hongzhang throughout focused on China＇ s railway that was also been regarded as key content in Li＇s foreign affairs. In 1890s,Li Hongzhang initiatived and constructed the first china official railway-GuangDong railway,the reason was the northern defense and frontier crisis.Li utilizated the good relation with the Navy Department and solved the funds of rai,at the same time,he resisted the foreign interference and kept the autonomy of rail right.The sino-japan war of 1894-1895 interrupted Li＇s pace of railway construction, but his railway knowledge and practice provided the reference for early chinese railway construction.