内蒙古巴林右旗地区兴隆洼、红山玉器的材质利用研究

内蒙古巴林右旗地区出土、采集到的兴隆洼、红山玉器较多，但长期以来缺乏针对当地玉器的系统性材质研究。本研究借助拉曼光谱仪和X射线荧光光谱仪等便携式仪器对当地的74件兴隆洼与红山玉器进行无损测试分析，确定了这批玉器的材质主要为闪石玉。根据X射线荧光光谱的峰值记数进行横向对比，这批玉器可被分为3个组别：兴隆洼时期的用材集中于B、C两组，颜色呈浅黄或浅绿色；红山时期玉器用材集中于A、B两组，颜色呈浅绿或深绿色。此外，这批玉器中也包含少量地开石、方解石、蛇纹石、云母、萤石材质。结合地质学相关信息，对玉器的产源地进行分析和探讨，可以推断闪石玉取材于辽宁岫岩地区，而其他材质多为就近取材，亦有部分取材于辽宁岫岩地区。

Identification and utilization of Xinlongwa and Hongshan jades in Bairin Right Banner, Inner Mongolia

A large number of Xinlongwa and Hongshan jades have been unearthed or collected in Bairin Right Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, but there have been few systematic material studies. In our study, portable instruments such as Raman and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers were used to conduct non-destructive testing and analysis on 74 Xinglongwa and Hongshan jades from this area. After qualitative and quantitative analyses, most jades in this batch were identified as nephrite, while the others were identified as dickite, calcite, serpentine, mica and fluorite. The nephrite jades can be divided into three groups according to the peak counts of XRF spectra:those of Xinglongwa period are concentrated in Groups B (light green) and C (light yellow), and those of Hongshan period are concentrated in Groups A (dark green) and B (light green). The further studies were focused on the provenance information of those jades with the help of the geologic mineralogical method. It can be inferred that the nephrite articles as well as a few articles made of other materials were sourced from Xiuyan area of Liaoning Province, while most of other materials were obtained nearby.