冯夏威的自杀殉国与民族主义的社会动员

论文简述了冯夏威自杀殉国与1905年抵制美货运动的联系及其民族英雄形象塑造的过程和重要意义。1905年华侨冯夏威为抗议美国排华政策,在上海美国领事馆门口服毒自尽,奏响了抵制美货运动的序曲,并以民族英雄的形象贯穿运动始终。冯夏威的民族英雄形象是个体自塑与社会他塑的复合体。自杀殉国与遗书自述,完成了个体自塑的描摹;各方悼念与报道宣传,实现了社会他塑的目标。其自杀动机与反美抵制行为,契合了中国近代民族主义的发展潮流与认同需求,个人意志表达呈现出社会化、国家化、民族化的趋向。中国近代民族主义的急进发展,不仅为社会他塑提供了空间与动源,而且也认可了个体自塑的存在与价值。

Feng Xiawei's Martyrdom and Chinese Nationalistic Mobilization in 1905

Starting from discussing Feng Xiawei’s martyrdom in front of the U.S.consulate in Shanghai to protest against America’s anti-China policy in 1905,the paper explores connections between this particular incident and the following Chinese Anti-American Boycott.The image of Feng as a Chinese national hero was effectively a complex of self-construction through Feng’s individual deed and also other-construction in various forms,such as massive Chinese media coverage of Feng,and numerous Chinese public assemblies to mourn him.Feng’s own action may be seen to cater for a timely need for the Chinese public to demonstrate a nationalistic sentiment in 1905,which in turn enabled space for Feng’s suicidal move to be recognized.This is a study to deconstruct the social dynamics of political mobilization in modern China and the rise of a modern and radical Chinese nationalism.