侨郡改置与前燕政权中的胡汉关系

侨州郡县的研究一直是历史地理研究中的难点,对于前燕设置侨郡的研究尤为不足。通过比对《通鉴》和《晋书》的记载,可知慕容廆设置侨郡的时间在建兴二年,早于东晋。慕容政权采取任用非本州人担任侨郡太守的政策,以此来削弱流民的力量,巩固自己的统治。这一政策激化了汉人大族与慕容政权的关系,并导致了大族的叛乱。慕容皝将侨郡改置为侨县,进一步削弱大族的势力。侨郡的改置反映了慕容政权内部胡汉关系的微妙变化。

Redividing the Displaced Counties with the Relationship between Hu and Han in Former Yan

Displaced districts,prefectures and counties remain an enigma for historical geographers.In particular,no substantial achievement has been recorded in the study of displaced districts in Former Yan.As is shown in the contrast between Zi Zhi Tong Jian and the Jin Shu,what is certain is that Murong Wei founded the displaced prefectures in the second year of Jianxing Reign whereas no such prefectures were established in Eastern Jin Dynasty.In order to erode the influence of the diasporas and strengthen its own rule,the Murong authorities took the policy that no native of the prefecture should be its governor.However,such a policy triggered the conflict between the establishments of the Han people and the government and finally led to the rebellion.Consequently,Murong Huang reduced the displaced prefectures to displaced counties and further weakened the power of the Han establishments.Such an action revealed the subtle changes in the relations between the Han people and the Hu governor in Former Yan.