美国新闻界与国会报道自由

美国宪法规定国会对公众开放,但这并不意味着作为人民耳目和代言人的新闻界就能够自由、真实、全面地报道国会的活动了。为此新闻界在众议院和参议院都进行了长期的斗争。新闻界在经历由党派报纸向商业报纸过渡的过程中,持续推动以国会报道自由的形式公开美国国会信息。经过与国会特权、保密行为长达半个多世纪的博弈,终于取得了稳定的驻国会山记者团制度,使美国国会成为最早得到系统信息公开报道的政府部门。

American Press in the Early Congress Report

According to the Constitution,the Congress should be opened to the public,but that does not mean the press can report freely,truly and comprehensively.There was a gap between the law and the free report.How to bridge the gap? It was a hard and long way for American Press to go.The freedom to get to know the legislature proceedings is very important in pushing the government openness.The press had been playing a very important role in the movement.