Ancient DNA supports lineage replacement in European dog gene pool: insight into Neolithic southeast France |
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Authors: | MF Deguilloux J Moquel MH Pemonge G Colombeau |
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Institution: | 1. Université Bordeaux 1, UMR 5199 PACEA, Laboratoire d''Anthropologie des Populations du Passé, bât. B8, av. des Facultés, 33405 Talence cedex, France;2. Université Bordeaux 1, UMR 5199 PACEA, Institut de Préhistoire et Géologie du Quaternaire, bât. B18, av. des Facultés, 33405 Talence cedex, France |
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Abstract: | We report palaeogenetic analysis of domesticated dog (Canis familiaris) remains excavated from three archaeological sites from southeast France and dating from Middle Neolithic. Ancient DNA analysis was attempted on teeth and bone samples taken from 11 dogs. Three 266-base-pair fragments of the mitochondrial genome Hypervariable Region I (HVR-I) could be retrieved and revealed two haplotypes belonging to HVR-I lineage C. These three sequences were compared to the sequences of Swedish and Italian Neolithic dogs and permitted to confirm that clade C was largely represented all over Western Europe during this period. One haplotype defined in Neolithic French dog was observed for the first time in Canis mtDNA, underlining the loss of mitochondrial diversity in Europe since the Neolithic. Finally, these results point out mitochondrial lineage replacement in Europe, since lineage C represents only 5% of extant European dogs. Altogether, these results support the proposition that palaeogenetic studies are essential for the reconstruction of the past demographic history and the domestication process of dogs. |
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Keywords: | Ancient DNA Mitochondrial Domestication France Chassean culture Canis familiaris |
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