旅游社区外来经营者地方依恋的特征分析——以阳朔西街为例

外来经营者对旅游社区的依恋是一种特殊的人地关系现象,尚未引起学界的关注。文章基于地方依恋理论,探索性地提出"经济依赖"和"情感认同"两个维度,据此归纳了"生活方式主导型"、"商业联结主导型"、"利益驱动型"和"厌倦地方型"四种分类谱系,并通过对阳朔西街外来经营者的深入调研,运用质性方法剖析了其地方依恋产生的原因、发展变化及影响诸方面的特征表现。研究发现:外来经营者对阳朔产生了不同程度的情感性依恋,并非简单的功利关系;地方依恋的变化与西街商业环境的发展密切相关,经济性依赖与情感性认同既可以相互促进,也可能互相抑制;较高的地方依恋对外来经营者的商业行为有一定的规范作用。提高经营者对旅游地的依恋程度,有利于地方资源的可持续规划管理。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-LOCAL OWNERS' PLACE ATTACHMENT IN TOURISM COMMUNITY:A CASE STUDY OF WEST YANGSHUO STREET

As an important sub-concept of place theory, a number of recent studies have been focused on place attachment, defined as the extent to which a person values or identifies with a particular setting. The non-local owners' attachment to tourism community is a special phenomenon of man-land relationship, which hasn't been taken into consideration by the academic circles. Literature across diverse disciplines is examined and synthesized to demonstrate that attachments to local community settings are a critical foundation for cooperation action and positive community change. On the basis of a great deal of firsthand fieldwork data, the paper figures out the causes, changing processes and influences of non-local owners' place attachment. Major findings include: (1)Instead of simple utilitarian connection, non-local owners do develop diverse degrees of emotional attachment to West Yangshuo Street, while "the lifestyle enjoyment model" posses high degree of affective identification to Yangshuo. (2)The changing of place attachment has been closely related to the development of tourism commercialization in West Yangshuo Street, while economic dependence and emotional identity not only inhibit but also promote each other. The timely interventions of the government are critically necessary to restrain the venture behaviors in the tourism market. (3)High degree of place attachment can standardize non-local owners' commercial behaviors, especially the "emotional identity" brings much more positive impact on enriching the local cultural prosperity and boosting the economy of Yangshuo.