Electrodynamic effects of metal ions in the noon equatorial E-region |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Indian Centre for Space Physics, 466 Barakhola, Netai Nagar, Kolkata 700099, India;2. Department of Communication Engineering and Informatics, The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Chofu, Tokyo, Japan;3. Center for Space Science and Radio Engineering (SSRE), UEC, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan;4. Earth Environment Research Station, UEC, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan;5. Department of Physics, Srikrishna College, Nadia, 741502 West Bengal, India;6. Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan;7. Engineering Science Laboratory, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan;8. Department of Integrated Science and Technology, National Institute of Technology, Tsuyama College, Tsuyama, Japan;1. Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Mbarara P. O. Box 1410, Uganda;2. Muni University, Department of Physics, Arua P.O. Box 725, Uganda;3. Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden;4. South African National Space Agency, Hospital Street, Hermanus P. O. Box 32, South Africa;5. Rhodes University Makhanda, Department of Physics and Electronics, 6139, Eastern Cape, P. O. Box 6140, South Africa;1. Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Centre for Earthquake Studies, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan;4. Heilongjiang Mohe Observatory of Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;5. Department of Space Science, Space Education and GNSS Lab, National Centre of GIS and Space Application, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;6. College of Surveying and GeoInformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;7. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The observations of metal ions in significant concentrations and in layer formation in the lower E-region are briefly reviewed. It is expected that a metal ion layer may alter the electro-conductivity of the ionosphere and modify the distribution of ionospheric dynamo current. The variation in the electroconductivity is theoretically calculated, and it is shown that the Pedersen conductivity is reduced by less than 14%. In the equatorial ionosphere, field line integration of metal ion effects is likely to be large. A metal ion layer, similar to those observed, is numerically modelled in the equatorial region and its electrodynamic effects on the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) are numerically examined using our self-consistent model of the ionospheric dynamo. The effects are found to be significant on the amplitude of the EEJ, but not effectively large on its peak altitude. |
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