The survival of PCR-amplifiable DNA in cow leather |
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| Authors: | Annick Vuissoz Michael Worobey Nancy Odegaard Michael Bunce Carlos A. Machado Niels Lynnerup Elizabeth E. Peacock M. Thomas P. Gilbert |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;2. Arizona State Museum, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210026, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;3. Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont. L8S 4L9, Canada;4. Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V Vej 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;5. Vitenskapsmuseum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway |
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| Abstract: | We have investigated the survival of PCR-amplifiable mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in a small number of modern and medieval bovine leather samples. The results of this preliminary investigation demonstrate that, while no nuclear DNA can be PCR-amplified from any of the specimens, mitochondrial DNA can be amplified from all samples. To investigate this contrasting pattern of DNA survival further, we have vegetable-tanned cow skin in our own laboratory, and directly assayed the survival of PCR-amplifiable mitochondrial and nuclear DNA at each step of the process. The results indicate that nuclear DNA is reduced to sub-amplifiable levels as a result of the tanning baths, whereas amplifiable mitochondrial DNA survives the complete process. Our results suggest that old and archaeological bovine leather may represent a useful source of genetic information, although this information will most likely be limited to that which can be gained from mitochondrial DNA. |
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| Keywords: | Ancient DNA Degradation Leather PCR Tanning |
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