20世纪90年代以来中国工业格局及其变化

本文从工业行业结构角度入手,以东中西为研究单元,结合全国30个省市,运用集中化指数、罗伦兹曲线等方法,分析1990年以来,中国工业行业格局和区域布局的变化情况,指出:东中西地区行业部门渐趋完备,但部门间发展不均衡程度加深;电子、机械类制造业在工业中的地位上升明显;工业对经济增长的贡献存在区际不平衡,东中西部地区依次减弱。

CHINA'S INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS CHANGES SINCE 1990S

This paper analyzes the changes of China's industrial structure and regional distribution since 1990s,fastening on index of centralization and Lorentz curve.The study starts with the structure of industries and takes the eastern,the western and the central regions of China as researching units.This study shows that the industrial branches become more and more mature but imbalance of inter-sections deepens,with the eastern region behaving most notable of the three regions;Technology-intensive industries such as electronics and telecommunications industry in the eastern region develops better than that in the central and western regions,whereas,energy-intensive industries such as coal,oil and gas industry receive considerable development in the central and western regions;there exists the intersectional unbalanceas to the contribution of the industry to economic growth,with the eastern,central and western regions weakening in turn;On the internal industrial structure,manufacturing such as electronics and enginery mounts up greatly;textile,food and furniture manufacturing industries decreases prominently.China is in the third phase of the ratio of Hoffmann,heavy industrialization improved gradually as well as a steady increase in the degree of industrialization.The conclusion indicates the priorities to improve China's industry is the internal structure and space layout;therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the following aspects: 1)The eastern region should transfer or remove simple labor-intensive industries and traditional industries to develop technology-intensive industries and accelerate the upgrading of the industrial structure;2)Over-reliance on mineral resources in the central and western regions can not sustain.The non-resource-based industries have been given preferential treatment policies to promote its industrial chain formed;3)The region should be based on its own stage of economic development to balance industrial integrity and preponderant sectors to improve regional sustainable development;4)Local governments should pay attention to the regional coordinated development and break the regional power of the intervention,and seek self-development opportunity from the industrial operation of the law of the market.