森林史研究:以菲律宾森林滥伐史研究为重点

本文主要介绍国际森林史研究的发展历程和解释菲律宾森林滥伐史的主要观点。就国际森林史研究来看, 经历了一个从重点研究温带森林史向热带森林史转变的过程。就菲律宾森林滥伐史研究来看, 提出了诸如人口增长压力说、木材生产和贸易说、林业政策鼓励说、行政不力和政治腐败说等重要解释框架。森林史研究需要超越从单因素出发进行解释的现状, 需要向综合研究转变。国别和专题的森林史研究需要从全球森林史和环境史的整体视野来关注。

Survey of Forest History Studies: Focusing on the Studies of Deforestation in Philippines

This paper introduces the development of forest history studies and some historical explanations of deforestation in the Philippines. The priority in forest history studies was shifted from forest history in the temperate zone to forest history in tropical zone. The analytic frameworks of deforestation in the Philippines include: theory of pressure of population growth, the driving theory of timber production and trade, theory of encouragement of forestry policies, theory of devastating impact of political corruption. The new trend of forest history studies is to go beyond the explanation by single factor and to change to the synthetical analysis. Forest history studies of a country should be done in the perspective of global forest history, and thematic forest history studies done in the perspective of environmental history as a whole.