解放前我国地理学界关于小城镇研究的综述

本文对解放前我国地理学界关于小城市的研究进行了综述。我们认为,我国地理学者对小城镇较有系统的研究起始于本世纪三十年代,当时的小城镇大体是指人口规模为1000-5000人的各种农业、工业、商业、政治、文化等聚落;这一时期我国地理学者对小城镇的研究主要集中在聚落分类、小城镇地理位置和地理分布、小城镇形态及空间扩展、小城镇位置变迁与历史发展、小城镇人口、商业、文化特征以及城镇内部用地结构与房屋构造等六个方面;由于受当时社会经济条件及学科发展的影响,小城镇研究内容窄、程度浅、系统性不强,所运用的理论、方法也较简单、落后。

SMALL TOWN STUDIES IN CHINA'S GEOGRAPHY CIRCLE BEFORE LIBERATION

This paper is a review of the small town research done by china's geographers before the foundation of the People's Republic of China. We think that China's geographers began the comparatively systematic studies of the small towns, which at that time were generaly thought as an agricultural, industrial, commercial, Political or cultural human settlement with 1000-50000residents, in our country in mid-1930s. The main contents of small town studies during the following one and half decades included classification of settlements, small town' geographical location and spatial distribution, its shape and spatial expansion, historical change, Population,commerce, culture, land use and houses within it, etc. limited by the social economic condition,for example the war from 1937-1945, and the development of the discipline of geography in China. During that time, small town studies remained at a low level with limited research content. We also summarize the simple theories and methods used in small town studies then.