Tracking ethno-cultural differences: the Lagos steam tramway, 1902–1933 |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China;2. College of Printing and Packing Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xian 710048, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nonferrous Metals and Specific Materials Processing, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China;1. Centre for Kidney Research, Kids Research Institute, Children''s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia;2. Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland;3. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;4. School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia;5. Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and the Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;1. School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China;2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;3. Newcastle University, UK;4. The Sydney University, Australia;5. The West London University, UK;1. Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;2. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany;3. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA;1. Immunology Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia;2. St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;3. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U980, Necker Medical School, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France;4. Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France;5. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY;6. University of Manchester, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom;7. Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel;8. Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany;9. Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;10. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia;11. Department of Immunology, Childrens’ Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia;12. Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia;13. Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;14. Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia;15. School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;p. Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia;q. Australian National University Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia;r. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia;s. Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia;t. INSERM, Unité U768, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France;u. Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France;v. Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan;w. Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md |
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| Abstract: | The Lagos steam tramway project (1902–1933) is examined against the background of British colonial town-planning policy in early twentieth-century Nigeria, with reference to the effects of its layout and services on Lagos's street morphology and ethnic tapestry. Drawing on contemporary evidence regarding colonial plans as well as local physical and social circumstances, the article shows that the tramline was used by the British colonial authorities to reinforce a pre-existent informal residential segregation in Lagos between the indigenous and the expatriate populations. By examining both social and morphological structures in order to understand the political and ethno-cultural implications of the tram, this article contributes to the recently growing literature on the history of European modes of planning outside Europe. In this literature, interdisciplinary in its character, sub-Saharan Africa has relatively limited representation. |
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