Destructive creation: fascist urban planning,architecture and New Towns in the Pontine Marshes |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Zoology, Biological Applications and Technology Department, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece;2. Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;2. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany;3. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA;1. Physics Department, National Technical University, 157 80 Zografou, Athens, Greece;2. Max-Planck Institut für Physik, Föhringer Ring 6, D-80805 München, Germany;3. Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Albert-Einstein-Institut, Potsdam, Germany;4. Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland;1. Institute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 128 Lermontova St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia;2. Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 39 Lenin Prospekt, Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia) 677891, Russia;3. Technical Institute (Branch) of the North Eastern Federal University, 16 Kravchenko, Neryungri 678960, Russia |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines the construction, architecture, planning and design of New Towns in the Pontine Marshes, south of Rome, in the 1930s, analysing the discourses which contributed to their shaping and settlement. It focuses specifically on the plans and architectural characteristics of the city of Sabaudia as the best example of fascist urban utopias in the area. The paper also moves beyond an analysis of architecture and planning to consider the human beings who were slated for occupying what were viewed as ideal, utopian fascist spaces. This is done through an investigation of Italy's ruralization and internal colonization policies, which aimed to tackle a ‘demographic problem’ defined through recourse to statistics and sociological analysis. These policies were animated by colonists, and their families, chosen by the regime's institutions to take part in the Pontine Marshes project. Italian fascism's structuring of a new urban environment, which stretched from grand systemic designs to the measurement of mosquito net dimensions in colonial houses' bedrooms, justified the attempted social and political control of fascism's experimental urban subjects. |
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