四川三线建设企业布局与工业发展刍议

四川是三线建设的重点区域,其三线建设企业涵盖了机械、冶金、化学、电子、能源、兵器、航空、航天、船舶及核工业等工业门类。三线建设提高了四川的工业生产能力,增强了其工业实力,使四川现代工业体系初步形成。在“分散、靠山、隐蔽”布局方针的指导下,三线建设企业以成都、重庆为轴心,沿铁路线呈“H”形分布,既基本遵循了工业布局的客观规律,又将“分散、靠山、隐蔽”布局方针同四川的地形地貌有机地结合起来,在特殊年代既达到了战略防御的目的,又使四川的工业布局相对均衡,同时起到了平衡全国工业布局的作用。

On the Layout of the Third-line Construction Enterprises and the Regional Industrial Development in Sichuan

Sichuan was a key area of the third-line construction,and its third-line construction enterprises covered machinery,metallurgy,chemistry,electronics,energy,weapons,aviation,aerospace,shipping and nuclear industries and so on.The third-line construction had improved the industrial production capacity and industrial strength of Sichuan and formed a modern industrial system in Sichuan.Under the guidance of the layout policy of“dispersed,near the mountain,hidden”the third-line construction enterprises formed Chengdu and Chongqing as the axis and showed“H”shape distribution along the railway,which not only basically followed the objective law of industrial layout,but also combined the layout policy of“dispersed,near the mountain,hidden”with Sichuan landform organically.In the special period these not only reached the purpose of the strategic defensive,but also made Sichuan’s industrial layout relatively balanced,and had played an important role in balancing the national industrial layout at the same time.