美国共运史研究中的正统派与修正派

美国共运研究中存在着许多不同的派别，其中最有影响的是正统派和修正派。正统派以延续传统史学的方法为特征，修正派受新社会史和文化史的影响，以异端性的方法来重新阐释美共历史为特征；正统派持一元论、精英史观的立场，修正派则坚持多元论、民众参与的立场；正统派坚持外来论，修正派赞同本土论；正统派重裁判，修正派重理解。个人经历、知识背景和时代背景的不同，是造成两派对立的三个主要因素。

The Orthodox School and the Revisionist School in the Studies of the Communist Movement in America

There exist different schools in the studies of American Communist Movement. Among them are the two distinctive schools of orthodoxy and revisionism. The orthodox school is characterized by its adoption of traditional historiographic methodology while the revisionist school, influenced by the new history of society and culture, tries to reiterate the history of the American Communist Movement with a heretical method. The orthodox school is a monoist and takes the position of quintessence historiography, but the revisionist school is a dualist and sticks to the consciousness of public participation. The orthodox school insists on borrowing foreign ideas while the revisionist school keeps to native studies. The orthodox school seeks to judge while the revisionist school lays stress on understanding.