异端空间的生产——福柯对中国政治地理学研究的启示

福柯研究对西方地理学具有很大的影响，但是国内地理学界对福柯的引进和讨论不多。本文基于福柯对权力关系和不正常的人的研究，以异端空间的生产为切入点，归纳了异端空间与权力交互作用的理论框架。其中，权力主要通过特殊化、风险化和知识化取得干预的合法性，而又通过监视、照料或隔离等手段确保对异端的治理。应用谱系学方法，本文总结了四个异端空间生产的原型，并通过将这四个原型应用于一系列中国日常政治地理现象的解释，展示了异端空间生产对理解权力关系的重要意义，揭示了知识-权力与空间生产过程的相辅相成。最后，讨论了异端空间生产的分析对于扩展中国政治地理学理论视角和研究话题的重要性。

PRODUCTION OF ABNORMAL SPACES: IMPLICATIONS OF FOUCAULDIAN STUDIES FOR CHINESE POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

Foucault's works is quite influential in Anglophone geography in recent years. His research on power relations and governmentality provides an alternative perspective to interpret the various political devices in the West and is quite popular in recent studies. However, much less attention has been paid to Foucauldian research in Chinese geography. This paper tries to narrow this gap by introducing and developing Foucault's thoughts on power relations and abnormality. It is argued that Foucault's studies on power relations and abnormality in terms of insanity, illness and madness are intertwined. On the one hand, the diagnosis and regulation of the abnormal are linked to and guaranteed by forceful power relations; on the other hand, the operation and legitimization of power are also often based on the knowledge of abnormality. Focusing on the production of abnormal spaces, this paper provides a theoretical framework on the interactions between abnormal spaces and power relations, in which power practices are legitimized and interventions of population or space are necessitated through differentiation, probabilization and professionalization.