中国西部城市居民时空间行为特征研究——以西宁市为例

时空间行为研究为透视中国城市转型与发展提供了重要视角，但已有研究对中国西部城市关注较少、未能形成反映西部城市特色的结论。选取西宁市作为案例，基于2013年居民时空间行为调查数据及城市设施分布数据，分析居民时间利用、时空路径等时空行为特征及其与城市设施分布的匹配关系，以此补充微观行为视角下的中国西部城市研究，为中国城市时空行为方法论提供西部城市的验证。主要结论包括：①相比于东部城市，西宁市存在工作活动比例低、平均时长短，早通勤时间延后，午休返家，时间安排灵活等特点； ②西宁市与周边地区间存在具有高原地区特色的跨城市通勤和休闲行为； ③居民活动分布与城市设施布局存在一定的空间错位。

EXAMINING THE SPACE-TIME BEHAVIOR PATTERNS OF RESIDENTS IN CITIES OF THE WESTERN CHINA:EVIDENCE FROM XINING

The space-time behavior research, serving as an effective perspective to examine how social and physical environment shape urban residents' everyday experiences, has played a significant role in understand the social and spatial transition of Chinese cities. This research, accordingly, attempted to shed light on this research gap based on an empirical studies of Xining, a typical and central city in the Western China. The patterns of space-time behavior were operationalized based on a 48-hour activity diary dataset collected in September and October of 2013, as well as the data of POI capturing the features of built environment. Several aspects of space-time behavioral patterns were analyzed, including the time allocation and rhythms (which were further compared with those of the cities in the Eastern China from the existing literature), space-time paths resulted from 3-D geo-visualization, as well as the matching relationship between activity space and built environment based on the kernel density estimation. These analyses have generated some interesting findings that could reflect the unique aspects of space-time behavioral patterns and daily lifestyle in cities of the western China. Firstly, significant difference between the weekday and weekend was detected, with three peak hours of travel on weekdays, and no significant peak hours of travel on weekends. Secondly, daily activities mainly took place in the valley region, and they resulted in three peak hours of travel in the morning commuting periods, evening commuting periods, and noon. Thirdly, there was a certain degree of mismatch between the distribution of shopping and leisure facilities, and residents' activity space, reflecting the insufficiency in the development of facilities.