上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间演化

新兴技术产业的空间集聚与扩散对大都市区的空间结构有直接的影响，厘清新兴技术产业的空间分布和区位选择规律对新兴产业集群培育和大都市区空间结构调整都具有重要的政策意义。本文分析了上海市物联网企业的空间分布和集聚特征，结果发现初创期物联网企业在郊区集聚，随后向郊区其他区域扩散，并呈现出从单极向多极集聚转变的空间演化进程。通过构建负二项回归探究上海物联网企业的区位选择因素，结果表明制度因素和企业集聚效应对企业区位选择有重要影响。在产业发展初创期，企业区位选择受政府管制和市场机制双重影响，其中制度因素发挥了关键作用；而在随后的兴起期，产业集聚效应对新企业的入驻具有强大的吸引力。

AGGLOMERATION AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS INDUSTRY IN SHANGHAI METROPOLITAN

Spatial agglomeration and diffusion of new industries has a direct impact on the spatial structure of metropolitan areas. Mastering special distribution and location of emerging industries has important implications for the emerging industrial clusters and space restructuring of metropolitan areas. This industry is more and more prominent in the development of metropolitan area, but the research of Internet of things industry (IOT) spatial evolution is still very limited. This paper studies the spatial distribution and agglomeration of the IOT firms in Shanghai. We collected firm data from RFID world website in the period of 1993 to 2012. After a basic analysis of the rise and spatial pattern of the IOT firms, hotspot analysis is adopted to explore the spatial evolution of these firms. The results show that there exists spatial aggregating feature of IOT firms in Shanghai. In the early stage, the IOT firms agglomerate in the outer suburbs, with a single center administration structure, which is different from traditional modes gathering in city center and suburbs. In the maturity stage, the cluster center shifts and presents a multi-polarization mode, while the initial center cluster relatively weakens. Under market forces, multi-polarization pattern is clearer, and the development model of emerging technology industry tends to be diversified. The results show that institutional factors and agglomeration effect play a key role in IOT firms' location. In the early stage, the location of IOT firms was dual affected by government regulation and market mechanisms, in which institutional factors played a key role. When the IOT industry got into a maturity stage, industrial agglomeration effect settled a strong appeal to new firms. Information has raised a challenge to the traditional location theory that traditional location factors such as land cost and transportation cost have played a less important role in enterprise decision.