基于空间特征的秦巴山区农村居民点整理分区与潜力测算

整理分区划定和整理潜力测算是农村居民点整理的核心内容。本文综合地形位、缓冲区、可达性、景观指数和Voronoi 图，引入空间分异特征指数，定量分析农村居民点用地特征，实现整理区合理划分；改进潜力测算模型，结合经济社会、土地利用、农户意愿因素，构建整理潜力综合评价指标体系，以秦巴山区竹溪县为例进行实证研究。结果表明：竹溪县农村居民点空间分异特征指数值位于0.0433-0.8038 之间；全县农村居民点可分为优先整理区、重点整理区、优化调控区和城镇发展区，现实潜力904.63 hm²，仅为传统潜力的65.42%；根据各乡镇潜力系数，划分为3 级潜力区。空间分异的潜力测算、整理区和潜力区划分，为确定因地制宜的整理模式和符合实际的整理时序提供依据。

ZONING AND POTENTIAL CALCULATION FOR RURAL SETTLEMENTS CONSOLIDATION IN QINBA MOUNTAINOUS AREA BASED ON SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS

Chinese rural settlements lacking of unified planning have gone through pronounced expansion contrary to rural population decline which resulted in the problems of land fragmentation, hollow village and led to pressure for stepped-up farmland protection efforts. Since there is still insufficient research on rural settlements consolidation zoning and potential calculation, based on spatial characteristics of rural settlements of mountainous region in middle and western China with complex hydrogeologic conditions, Zhuxi County located in the hinterland of Qinling-Bashan mountainous area and in the western part of Hubei province is taken as a case study. The spatial characteristics of rural settlements in Zhuxi County are measured to realize reasonable land consolidation zoning based on a series of GIS spatial analysis including terrain niche index, buffering analysis, accessibility, landscape, Voronoi index and spatial differentiation index. The results indicated that the spatial differentiation index of Zhuxi County rural settlements is located between 0.0433-0.8038, based on which, the county can be divided into priority consolidation region, key consolidation region, optimizing regulatory region and urban development region.