新自由主义的危机与都市治理——从全球到地方

自2008年的经济危机之后，新自由主义作为西方国家和城市治理的主要手段也受到根本性的挑战，这些政治经济的失败，最终表现在都市空间的治理当中。本文将以新自由主义的扩张案例入手，通过国内外都市空间治理的实践经验，剖析新自由主义所带来的短期和长期的政治经济危机后果，并讨论全球不同空间尺度当中撤退空间的治理与挑战。新自由主义的问题不仅存在于西方国家，在网络时代和全球化的趋势下，资本的累积是在全球范围内产生危机，亚洲国家以及中国也必须思考如何应对危机，以及探索后新自由主义的发展道路。最后，文章从全球到地方的撤退空间讨论当中，反思新自由主义作为一种全球性的都市治理政策在全球的流动，认为就后政治的城市来说，要超越新自由主义的局限还有待观察，中国城市走向后新自由主义的治理转型就必须勇于摆脱英美社会脉络所产生的都市治理论述，建构符合地方社会脉络的理论和实践。

CRISIS OF NEOLIBERALISM AND URBAN GOVERNANCE: FROM GLOBAL TO LOCAL

Since the 2008 economic crisis, neoliberal urban governance as the primary means of Western countries has been confronted with the fundamental challenge. These political and economic failures (with urban industrial structure change), finally display on the urban spatial governance issues. The paper underlines the neoliberalizing space accelerate the flow of capital, employment and public investment in the urban reconstruction process, and solidify the backward welfare reform, and lead to the labor force market polarization. These issues not only exist in western countries, in the age of Internet and Globalization, capital accumulation is a crisis in the global scope, Asian countries and Chinese also must think about how to deal with the crisis, and explore the proper development in the Post-neoliberalism era. Furthermore, the article based on the discussion of retreat space from global to local, to reconsider the neoliberal urban governance as a universal urban policy flowing in the world, and points out that the post-political urban practices going beyond the limitations of neoliberalism remains to be seen. The Transition of Chinese urban governance (beyond post-neoliberal urban governance) demand to establish theories based on the local social context and urban practices, rather than using those discourses produced form Anglo-American social context.